Total<\/a>\u00a0hab\u00edan participado en un c\u00e1rtel de cera de parafina a escala europea desde al menos 1992 hasta 2005. En m\u00e1s de 50 reuniones en toda Europa, cientos de cartas, faxes y correos electr\u00f3nicos, los miembros del c\u00e1rtel fijaron los precios objetivo y supervisaron su aplicaci\u00f3n, se asignaron clientes y cuotas de mercado e intercambiaron informaci\u00f3n comercialmente sensible.<\/p>\nSeg\u00fan la Comisi\u00f3n Europea, el plan general consist\u00eda en reducir e impedir la competencia en materia de precios para estabilizar o elevar los precios acordando precios m\u00ednimos y aumentos de precios. Los miembros del c\u00e1rtel pretend\u00edan reducir o incluso eliminar la competencia con el objetivo final de conseguir mayores beneficios. Cuatro grupos reconocieron su participaci\u00f3n en el c\u00e1rtel y cooperaron con la Comisi\u00f3n en el marco de su programa de clemencia. La Comisi\u00f3n impuso multas de m\u00e1s de 676 millones de euros a todos los grupos de empresas.<\/p>\n
La acci\u00f3n de da\u00f1os de CDC
\n<\/h2>\n
En septiembre de 2011, CDC present\u00f3 una demanda por da\u00f1os y perjuicios derivados del c\u00e1rtel de la cera de parafina contra ExxonMobil, Shell, Total y Sasol. La demanda se present\u00f3 en La Haya (Pa\u00edses Bajos). CDC adquiri\u00f3 las demandas por da\u00f1os y perjuicios esencialmente de los productores de velas, con centros de producci\u00f3n en cinco pa\u00edses europeos. Los datos detallados de las transacciones recogidos por CDC de las empresas perjudicadas, junto con otros datos de mercado, mostraron que el c\u00e1rtel provoc\u00f3 importantes sobreprecios. Estas conclusiones fueron confirmadas por expertos econ\u00f3micos externos. El da\u00f1o total, incluidos los intereses, reclamado por CDC fue de m\u00e1s de 100 millones de euros. El Tribunal de La Haya, mediante sentencia de 12 de diciembre de 2014, confirm\u00f3 su competencia, la validez de las asignaciones de las reclamaciones y las leyes aplicables.<\/p>\n
En junio de 2015, como se desprende de la informaci\u00f3n p\u00fablica de Sasol, CDC logr\u00f3 un acuerdo extrajudicial y posteriormente retir\u00f3 la acci\u00f3n contra Sasol. En 2017, CDC, tras nuevos acuerdos, retir\u00f3 la acci\u00f3n contra el resto de los demandados.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
In 2011, CDC filed in The Hague, the Netherlands, a legal action enforcing claims for damages resulting\u00a0from the Europe-wide paraffin wax cartel. Previously, CDC had acquired the claims from\u00a0eight purchasers of paraffin wax. Paraffin wax is mainly used for candle production but\u00a0has also a wide range of applications in packaging, cosmetics, construction and food industry. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-7924","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n
Paraffin Wax #2 - CDC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/paraffin-wax\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Paraffin Wax #2 - CDC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In 2011, CDC filed in The Hague, the Netherlands, a legal action enforcing claims for damages resulting\u00a0from the Europe-wide paraffin wax cartel. Previously, CDC had acquired the claims from\u00a0eight purchasers of paraffin wax. Paraffin wax is mainly used for candle production but\u00a0has also a wide range of applications in packaging, cosmetics, construction and food industry. […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/paraffin-wax\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CDC\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"Christian Classen\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/fr\\\/paraffin-wax\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/fr\\\/paraffin-wax\\\/\",\"name\":\"Paraffin Wax #2 - CDC\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-09-09T10:14:08+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/fr\\\/paraffin-wax\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es-ES\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/fr\\\/paraffin-wax\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/fr\\\/paraffin-wax\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Paraffin Wax #2\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"CDC Cartel Damage Claims\",\"description\":\"Cartel Damage Claims\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es-ES\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"CDC Cartel Damage Claims\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es-ES\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/CDC-Logo.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/CDC-Logo.jpg\",\"width\":225,\"height\":54,\"caption\":\"CDC Cartel Damage Claims\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/carteldamageclaims.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Paraffin Wax #2 - CDC","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/paraffin-wax\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Paraffin Wax #2 - CDC","og_description":"In 2011, CDC filed in The Hague, the Netherlands, a legal action enforcing claims for damages resulting\u00a0from the Europe-wide paraffin wax cartel. Previously, CDC had acquired the claims from\u00a0eight purchasers of paraffin wax. Paraffin wax is mainly used for candle production but\u00a0has also a wide range of applications in packaging, cosmetics, construction and food industry. […]","og_url":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/paraffin-wax\/","og_site_name":"CDC","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes","Written by":"Christian Classen"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/fr\/paraffin-wax\/","url":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/fr\/paraffin-wax\/","name":"Paraffin Wax #2 - CDC","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2020-09-09T10:14:08+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/fr\/paraffin-wax\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es-ES","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/fr\/paraffin-wax\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/fr\/paraffin-wax\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Paraffin Wax #2"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/","name":"CDC Cartel Damage Claims","description":"Cartel Damage Claims","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es-ES"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/#organization","name":"CDC Cartel Damage Claims","url":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es-ES","@id":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/CDC-Logo.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/CDC-Logo.jpg","width":225,"height":54,"caption":"CDC Cartel Damage Claims"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7924","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7924"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7924\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7924"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carteldamageclaims.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=7924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}